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Step 4 is a Neurological Screen, which tests reading ability, passive neck movement, looking side to side (without double vision) then two coordination tests. Sitting comfortably on a chair with [...]

After many decades, sports (especially football) have accepted that CTE occurs in players from their game, but until now they have been doggedly resisting the proposition that playing their sport [...]

Likewise, College Sports in the USA have also attempted to reach settlements and it is likely that other countries and sports will follow suit.

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a form of encephalopathy that is a progressive degenerative disease, which can currently only be definitively diagnosed post-mortem, in individuals with [...]

Impact Monitoring can be used to: Measure single impacts during a game/practice as an indication that a player may be at risk of a head injury/concussion, with a view to […]

A student with a concussion should be seen by a health care professional experienced in evaluating for concussion. A health care professional can make decisions about a student’s readiness to [...]

All teachers interacting with the student (including the physical education teacher): Teachers can often help observe changes in a student, including symptoms that may be worsening. Teachers are [...]

The student: The affected student should be “in the loop,” and encouraged to share his/ her thoughts about how things are going, and symptoms he or she is experiencing. The […]

Most sports have an equivalent of a Yellow Card (for a warning) and a Red Card (sending off) which the referee uses to enforce the laws. Since 2017, a Blue […]

As part of an overall concussion management program, neurocognitive tests can be of significant assistance. A comprehensive program to involve consultation and education of all those involved in [...]